van Uden & do Carmo-Sousa (1959)
Teleomorph:
Clavispora lusitaniae Rodrigues de Miranda (1979)
Macroscopic morphology
Colonies on Sabouraud dextrose agar at 25°C are white to cream, glistening, and smooth but may be rugose. Colonies may be fringed with pseudohyphae. This isolate grows both at 42°C and on media containing cycloheximide.
On cornmeal following 72 hours incubation at 25°C, abundant branched pseudohyphae may be present. Some strains have rudimentary to no pseudohyphae.
Special notes
Candida lusitaniae is known for amphotericin B resistance. The first report of fatal infection occurred in a neutropenic patient where the initial isolate was susceptible to amphotericin B but subsequent isolates had developed amphotericin B resistance [1712]. It is well-documented that this species is able to develop resistance, but some strains display resistance prior to amphotericin B therapy [1524]. Although amphotericin B resistance is a concern, reports exist where amphotericin B has been used to successfully treat fungemia in severely immunocompromised patients [259].
FTL* in vitro susceptibility data
| AMB | CAS | 5FC | FLU | ITRA | VORI | KETO |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.06 µg/ml=2 | <0.03 µg/ml=6 | <0.125 µg/ml=41 | <0.125 µg/ml=7 | <0.015 µg/ml=13 | <0.015 µg/ml=27 | <0.03 µg/ml=8 |
| 0.125 µg/ml=35 | 0.06 µg/ml=33 | 0.25 µg/ml=1 | 0.25 µg/ml=24 | 0.03 µg/ml=23 | 0.03 µg/ml=16 | 0.06 µg/ml=6 |
| 0.25 µg/ml=72 | 0.125 µg/ml=50 | 4.0 µg/ml=1 | 0.5 µg/ml=57 | 0.06 µg/ml=24 | 0.06 µg/ml=5 | 0.125 µg/ml=4 |
| 0.5 µg/ml=14 | 0.25 µg/ml=18 | 64 µg/ml=1 | 1.0 µg/ml=42 | 0.125 µg/ml=12 | 0.125 µg/ml=5 | 0.25 µg/ml=1 |
| 1.0 µg/ml=5 | 0.5 µg/ml=3 | >64 µg/ml=2 | 2.0 µg/ml=9 | 0.25 µg/ml=8 | 0.25 µg/ml=3 | |
| 2.0 µg/ml=1 | 1.0 µg/ml=4 | 16 µg/ml=3 | 0.5 µg/ml=1 | 0.5 µg/ml=3 | ||
| 2.0 µg/ml=1 | 32 µg/ml=4 | 4.0 µg/ml=1 | 2.0 µg/ml=1 | |||
| 64 µg/ml=6 | 4.0 µg/ml=1 | |||||
| >64 µg/ml=1 | 8.0 µg/ml=1 |
| Drug/N | AMB/129 | CAS/115 | 5FC/46 | FLU/153 | ITRA/82 | VORI/62 | KETO/19 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MIC Range | 0.06-2.0 | <0.03-2.0 | <0.125->64 | <0.125->64 | <0.015-4.0 | <0.015-8 | <0.03-0.25 |
| MIC50 | 0.25 | 0.125 | <0.125 | 0.5 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.06 |
| MIC90 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 2.0 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.125 |
* Fungus Testing Laboratory unpublished data (NCCLS M27-A2)