Overview Iatrogenically-induced neutropenia is the most important risk factor for invasive fungal infections [270, 830]. Three groups of patients comprise the majority of cases in this category [266]: Cancer patients who have received cytotoxic chemotherapy Bone marrow transplant recipients And to a lesser extent, Solid organ transplant recipients In addition to neutropenia, these patients are commonly exposed to the (A):usual risk factors for invasive candidiasis such as receipt of multiple broad-spectrum antibiotics, use of central venous catheters, and colonization with Candida. Neutropenic children and adults with persistent fever despite broad-spectrum antibiotics have a 20% risk of developing an invasive fungal […]

Overview Neonates, especially low birth weight infants, are at high risk to develop certain invasive fungal infections. Among them, neonatal candidiasis explains the large majority of cases [163, 164, 350, 1128]. Many of the therapeutic interventions these babies require are among the (A):usual risk factors for invasive candidiasis. Other fungal agents causing invasive diseases in neonates include N/A(L):Aspergillus fumigatus and N/A(L):Trichosporon beigelii [1278, 1977]. Unfortunately, there are no diagnostic tools that allow a clear and early identification of the sepsis syndrome produced by invasive fungal infections in this population. Therefore, even when empirical therapy to treat early occult fungal infections […]

Empirical Therapy of Fungal Infections in the Non-neutropenic Child or Adult Overview Invasive candidiasis represents the most important and frequent fungal infection in non-neutropenic children and adults [247, 339, 436, 1416, 2147]. Patients at high risk include: Surgical patients Burn patients Heroin addicts The risk for any form of disseminated candidiasis increases with the presence of the usual risk factors for invasive candidiasis: Use of multiple antibiotics Central venous catheters Parenteral hyperalimentation Steroids Candidal colonization Unfortunately, there is no diagnostic tool that allows a clear and early identification of the syndrome produced by invasive candidiasis in any of the previously […]