Synonyms
Ringworm of the beard, tinea sycosis, “barber’s itch”
Definition
Tinea barbae is a colonization of the bearded areas of the face and neck, hence being restricted to adult males. The most common causes are T. mentagrophytes and T. verrucosum.
Epidemiology
Zoophilic organisms are acquired from contact with cattle, dogs and other animals, therefore classically seen among dairy farmers and cattle ranchers. However, where not antiseptic techniques are used, person-to-person transmission can occur by being shaved in the barbershop [1996]!
Clinical manifestations
Lesions are of three types: a) a mild superficial form, b) inflammatory, deep, pustular, kerion-like, and c) the circinate, spreading form.
The superficial variety causes diffuse erythema and perifollicular papules and pustules, looking exactly like bacterial folliculitis. Hair of the area may be affected with endothrix invasion that causes brittle, lusterless hair.
Cases of the inflammatory type usually cause unilateral involvement of the chin, neck or maxillary area with upper lip sparing. Nodular lesions covered with crusts and seropurulent material end up having an abscess-like appearance. Hairs become loose and brittle. Permanent alopecia and important scarring may be the final consequences.
Finally, the circinate variety has a spreading vesiculopustular border with central scaling, like tinea circinata [1447].
Prognosis and therapy
In contrast with other dermatophytoses, tinea barbae should be treated with systemic antifungal agents. Several options are available including:
N/A(L):griseofulvin,
N/A(L):ketoconazole,
N/A(L):fluconazole,
N/A(L):itraconazole, and
N/A(L):terbinafine.
These agents are given as regular doses for 2 to 3 weeks until clinical resolution is achieved. Some patients may need either intralesional or a short course of oral corticosteroid. Because bacterial superinfection is common, systemic antibiotic treatment may be required [616].
Mycology (principal dermatophytes)
- N/A(L):Microsporum canis
- N/A(L):Microsporum gypseum
- Trichophyton megninii
- Trichophyton mentagrophytes
- Trichophyton rubrum
- Trichophyton schoenleinii
- Trichophyton verrucosum
- N/A(L):Microsporum nanum
Natural habitat
Animals, humans, soil