Emmons & Dodge (1931) Macroscopic morphology Colonies on potato dextrose agar at 25°C are white to gray to brownish, varying considerably between strains. Colonies are somewhat restricted in growth, and may become reddish with the liberation of ascospores. Perithecia appear as small black dots in the concentric rings. Microscopic morphology Hyphae are septate and hyaline initially, darkening with age. The Scopulariopsis trigonospora anamorph is dematiaceous, with conidiophores arising from the vegetative hyphae either singly or in groups. Annellophores are long and narrow, broad in the center, and tapering toward the ends. Annelloconidia are brownish, borne in chains, are truncate at […]

(described by Saccardo in 1882) Taxonomic Classification Kingdom: Fungi Phylum: Ascomycota Class: Euascomycetes Order: Onygenales Family: Gymnoascaceae Genus: Malbranchea Description and Natural Habitats Malbranchea is a mould isolated from soil, decaying vegetation, and animal dung. It is commonly isolated as a contaminant. Malbranchea has telemorphs classified in genera Auxarthron, Uncinocarpus, and Myxotrichum. Species The most commonly known species of Malbranchea are Malbranchea pulchella and Malbranchea sclerotica. See the summary of synonyms and telemorph-anamorph relations for the Malbranchea spp. Pathogenicity and Clinical Significance Malbranchea has been isolated from a case with sinusitis [215]. No other infection associated with Malbranchea has been […]

Simmons & Guého (1990) Macroscopic morphology Colonies on Sabouraud dextrose agar are cream to yellowish, smooth and glistening with entire margins [1270]. This species is lipid-dependent requiring olive oil for growth. Optimum growth occurs at 35°C. Colonies on mDixon agar are glistening, smooth, flat with a slight central elevation and a soft texture [927]. Microscopic morphology Yeast cells are ovoid to globose measuring 1.5-2.5 x 2.5-6.0 µm. Wet preparations reveal yeast cells with daughter cells being produced from a base equal to the width of the daughter cell and possessing distinct collarettes. Although single budding predominates, sympodial budding may be […]

Guillot, Midgley & Guého (1996) Macroscopic morphology Colonies on mDixon agar are typically rough with fine grooves resulting in a course texture [927]. Microscopic morphology Cornmeal preparations reveal ellipsoidal cells measuring 1.0-2.0 x 1.5-4.0 µm. Wet preparations reveal yeast cells with daughter cells being produced from a broad-based cell with distinct collarettes. Special notes This species is regularly recovered from the scalp and face [924]. It may be differentiated from other . by its negative catalase reaction. This isolate initially associated with animals, but is also recognized from humans sources. It is easily misidentified as either M. furfur or M. […]

Guého, Guillot & Midgley (1996) Macroscopic morphology Colonies on mDixon agar are dull, smooth in the center and rough at the edges [927]. The texture is hard and brittle. This species is lipid-dependent requiring olive oil for growth on routine media. Microscopic morphology Yeast cells are spherical to oval, measuring 1.5-2.0 x 2.5-4.0µm. Wet preparations reveal yeast cells with daughter cells being produced from a narrow base [927]. Special notes This species is regularly recovered from the scalp and face [924]. It may be differentiated from other Malassezia spp. by its negative catalase reaction. In vitro susceptibility data Susceptibility testing […]

(Weidman) Dodge (1935) Macroscopic morphology Colonies on Sabouraud dextrose agar are cream to yellowish, and typically smooth to slightly wrinkled with lobate margins [1270]. This species is the only non-lipid dependant isolate in the genus Malassezia. Adequate growth occurs without addition of olive oil but some strains may exhibit enhanced growth when olive oil is added. Microscopic morphology Cornmeal preparations reveal ellipsoidal cells measuring 2.0-2.5 x 4.0-5.0 µm. Wet preparations reveal yeast cells with daughter cells being produced from a very broad base and leaving behind distinct collarettes. Special notes This isolate is primarily associated with animals, most notably with […]

Midgley, Guého, & Guillot (1996) Macroscopic morphology Colonies on mDixon agar smooth and flat with a sticky texture [927]. This species is lipid-dependent requiring olive oil for growth on routine media. Microscopic morphology Yeast cells are cylindrical, measuring 1.5-2.0 x 4.0-6.0µm. Wet preparations reveal yeast cells with daughter cells being produced from a broad base and measuring up to 10 µm prior to detachment of the daughter cell [927]. Special notes This isolate is the most rarely-recovered Malassezia sp.[924]. It may be differentiated from M. globosa by its cell shape and by its ability to grow at 37°C. In vitro […]

Midgley, Guého, & Guillot (1996) Macroscopic morphology This species is lipid-dependent requiring olive oil for growth on routine laboratory media. Colonies on mDixon agar are raised, folded and rough with a course, brittle texture [927]. Microscopic morphology Yeast cells are spherical measuring 2.5-8.0 µm. Wet preparations reveal yeast cells with daughter cells being produced from a narrow base. Collarettes resulting from budding scars are not prominent. A structure similar to the pseudo germ tube noted with Candida tropicalis may be noted originating from point of attachment between the mother and daughter cells [924]. Special notes It may be differentiated from […]

(described by Brumpt in 1905) Taxonomic Classification Kingdom: Fungi Phylum: Ascomycota Class: Euascomycetes Order: Dothideales Family: Lophiostomataceae Genus: Madurella Description and Natural Habitats Madurella is a dematiaceous (phaeoid, or dark-walled) filamentous fungus found in soil, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas of Africa, India, and South America. The members of this genus don’t have any known teleomorphs. Madurella is pathogenic for humans and causes infections. Species The genus Madurella has two species; Madurella mycetomatis and Madurella grisea. See the summary of synonyms for the Madurella spp. Pathogenicity and Clinical Significance Madurella spp. are among the causative agents of human mycetoma. […]

(described by Cesati and de Notaris in 1861) Taxonomic Classification Kingdom: Fungi Phylum: Ascomycota Class: Euascomycetes Order: Pleosporales Family: Leptosphaeriaceae Genus: Leptosphaeria Description and Natural Habitats Leptosphaeria is a dematiaceous (phaeoid, or dark-walled) filamentous fungus found in the soil. It grows in its teleomorphic phase. One of its species, Leptosphaeria coniothyrium has a known anamorphic growth form included in the genus Coniothyrium. Leptosphaeria is an occasional cause of human infections. Species Leptosphaeria currently has three defined species; Leptosphaeria coniothyrium, Leptosphaeria senegelansis, and Leptosphaeria thompkinsii. See the summary of synonyms and telemorph-anamorph relations for the Leptosphaeria spp. Pathogenicity and Clinical Significance […]